In the Domesday Book Audlem is recorded as having 4 identified persons. There is much argument as to what this really means in population terms, but modern scholarship would assume about 50-100 inhabitants. The village probably grew in the 13th century when there was a national population explosion. Estimates of the population in 1591, based on the known size of the manor of Audlem at the death of William Massy and the number of people it contained (between 100 and 130 people) assume that the village held a total population of between 300 and 400. In 1660, Hearth Tax Returns provide figures to suggest that the population was around 600.
Official censuses were conducted about every 10 years from 1801 onwards and these reveal the following population figures for Audlem:
| Year | Population |
| 1801 | 965 |
| 1811 | 1,040 |
| 1821 | 1,307 (of which 662 were males and 645 females) |
| 1831 | 1,558 (of which 762 were males and 796 females) |
| 1841 | 1,621 (in 337 houses) although this figure included 45 labourers temporarily employed on the canal |
| 1851 | 1,591 |
| 1871 | 1,510 |
| 1881 | 2,560 (in 549 houses) |
| 1891 | 1,371 |
| 1901 | 1,455 |
| 1911 | 1,480 |
| 1921 | 1,494 |
| 1931 | 1,346 |
| 1951 | 1,315 |
| 1961 | 1,172 |
| 1971 | 1,293 |
| 1981 | 1,654 |
| 1991 | 1,797 |
| 2001 | 1,790 |
NB after 1891 the figures refer to Audlem Civil Parish, whereas prior to this they are for Audlem township.
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